chapter7_pcbc

= = =Chapter 7- Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds =  
 * __Key Points__**
 * Naming covalent compounds
 * Naming monovalent compounds
 * Naming ternary ionic compound
 * Naming bivalent ionic compounds
 * Polyatomic ions
 * Naming acids


 * NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS → contains no metals**


 * Using a system of prefixes**

1→Mono 2→Di 3→Tri 4→Tetra 5→Penta 6→Hexa 7→Hepta 8→Octa 9→Nona 10→Deca

***If there is only one of the first element skip the prefix mono and change the second elements ending to "ide".*** H2O=dihydrogen monoxide P4O10=tetraphosphorus decoxide
 * Examples:**


 * NAMING MONOVALENT IONIC COMPOUNDS**

Monovalent→metal can only have one charge Ionic→has a metal

1.) Say the name of the cation(metal) 2.)Say the name of the anion If a single element, change endingto "-ide"

lithium oxide=Li2O Calcium Chloride=CaCl2
 * Examples:**


 * NAMING OF TERNARY IONIC COMPOUNDS**

Ternary→ three or more elemonts Ionic→a metal is present

1.)Name Cation(metal) 2.)Name anion(usually Polyatomic Ion)



Variations of polyatomic Ions →change in only the number of oxygens SO4=Sulfate(original) SO3=Sulfite(subtract one) SO2=Hyposulfite(subtract two) SO5=Perculfate(add one)

Na2SO4= Sodium Sulfate CaCo3= Calcium Carbonate
 * Examples:**


 * NAMING BIVALENT IONIC COMPOUNDS**

1.) Name the Cation
 * Ferrum=Iron(2+, 3+)**
 * Cuprum=Copper(1+, 2+)**
 * Stannum=Tin(2+, 4+)**
 * Plumbum=Lead(2+, 4+)**
 * Mercury=Mercury (1+, 2+)**
 * Latin name indicating the lower charge*
 * Charge also indicated by roman numerals*

2.)Name the Anion

-If the cation has the greater of the two possible charges it gets an "-ic" ending -If the cation has the lesser of the two charges it get and "-ous" ending

FeCl2=Iron(II) Chloride FeSO4=Iron(II) Sulfate
 * Examples:**

__**NAMING ACIDS **

Acids→always begin with "H" AND can be dissolved in H2O →acid indicator is aqueous(aq)

__**Two Types**

Binary Acid (HAaq) __1.) Say "Hydro" 2.)Say the anion with "-ic" ending 3.)Say "acid"

Example: HBr(aq)=Hydrobromic acid__

Ternary Acids(three elements)__

1.)Say the anion with an "-ic" ending 2.)Say Acid

Example: H2SO4(aq)=Sulfuric Acid

**PRACTICE PROBLEM**

Oxygen Diflouride=

N2O3=

Potassium Sulfate=

SO3=

Tetraphosphorus Octaoxide=

LiS=

Sodium Phosphide=

MgCl2=

Magnesium Chlorate=

K2SO4=

Calcium Nitrate=

HgCo3=

Copper(I) Fluoride=

SnO=

Mercury(I) Chloride=

Na2SO3=

Calcium Hypochlorite=

Plumbic Iodide=

HCl(aq)=

Hydrofluoric Acid=

H2Co3(aq)=

Phosporic Acid=